Literary Allusions in Eliots The Hollow Men :: Eliot The Hollow Men Essays

Literary Allusions in Eliot's The Hollow Men      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scholars have long endeavored to identify the sources of various images in T. S. Eliot's work, so densely layered with literary allusions. As Eliot himself noted in his essay "Philip Massinger" (1920),    One of the surest of tests is the way in which a poet borrows. Immature poets imitate, mature poets steal; bad poets deface what they take, and good poets make it into something better, or at least something different.    In Eliot's poem "The Hollow Men," several sources have been posited for the "hollow men . . . the stuffed men / leaning together . . . filled with straw" (lines 1-2). B. C. Southam notes three: that the "hollow . . . stuffed men" are reminiscent of the effigies burned in celebration of Guy Fawkes Day; that "according to Valerie Eliot, the poet had in mind the marionette in Stravinsky's Petrouchka"; and finally, that the "straw-stuffed effigies are associated with harvest rituals celebrating the death of the fertility god or Fisher King."(n1)    In 1963, some years before Southam's summary, John Vickery had proffered an interpretation similar to the third point mentioned. He noted that "the opening lines of `The Hollow Men' with their image of straw-filled creatures, recalls The Golden Bough's account of the straw-man who represents the dead spirit of fertility that revives in the spring when the apple trees begin to blossom."(n2) Whereas Eliot may well have had any or all of these ideas in mind, I suggest that there is yet another connection to be made, namely between Eliot's "hollow . . . stuffed men" and the Roman ritual of the Argei.    In 1922, a few years before Eliot wrote "The Hollow Men," W. Warde Fowler described the particulars of this ritual, which was to him a "fascinating puzzle" and "the first curiosity that enticed" him "into the study of Roman religion," in his book Roman Religious Experience.(n3) The rite according to Fowler occurs    each year on the ides of May, which is in my view rather magical than religious, though the ancients themselves looked upon it as a kind of purification, [namely] the casting into the Tiber from the Pons Sublicius of twenty-four or twenty-seven straw puppets by the Vestal Virgins in the presence of the magistrates and pontifices. Recently an attempt has been made by Wissowa to prove that this strange ceremony was not primitive, but simply a case of substitution of puppets for real human victims as late as the age of the Punic wars.

China Unbalanced

China â€Å"Unbalanced† Continual economic growth for the past 30 years has allowed China to rise as an economic power. As the Chinese manufacturing industry continued to grow many of the people moved from rural areas into urban centers. The continued economic growth has taken China from a poor country to the 2nd largest economy in the world. Using many of the principals of capitalism China has overcome obscurity and increased exports to the point of drawing a large trade surplus with Europe and the United States. The growing wealth of China has drawn much criticism form the global leaders as trade deficits rise.China has continued on policies of currency fixing and implementation of subsidies that are consistently controversial with the World Trade Organization (WTO). Continued pressure from global leaders for currency reform and trademark infringement violations have forced Chinese officials to take actions. China’s increased wealth did not immediate result in increas ed funding for social programs. Health care, public education, workers benefits, and social security are all lacking or nonexistent. The government is faced with the difficult prospect of developing social programs, revising the work system, and ensuring employment remains low.Health care for many years not an issue for the Chinese people as a program termed the â€Å"iron rice bowl† ensured the people that health care would be available and at an affordable cost. The â€Å"iron rice bowl† was no longer available to the majority of the Chinese’s and health care had become a concern to millions of people. Failed programs in the past had encourage improper diagnoses and the over subscribing of antibiotics. Restructuring became a priority and the government has contributed large sums towards improving coverage and facilities.Universal health care is expected to be a possibility in the coming years for all Chinese. The Chinese people have traditionally been a nation that saves the majority of their disposable income. The tendency to save large amounts of income has been a result of the people expecting little to no assistance from the government in retirement. Pensions and Social Security were almost completely non-existent for many workers. The government has gradually increased pensions for urban and rural workers consistently since 2005. The majority of the people still do not have pension coverage.The move towards providing increased financial security for the people is expected to have a positive result on domestic consumption. Domestic consumption is the key to growth in China as the global economy has slowed. Rising unemployment has been an increased concern for the Chinese government. Students are graduating from college and are unable to find employment. As unemployment continues to remain stubbornly high the government has taken to stimulus to assist in creating jobs. With local governments having submitted for projects in the past t he stimulus was implemented quickly.Jobs were created and the infrastructure of China was improved. A continual effort has been made to improving the Chinese infrastructure in both the costal cities as well as the inland. Government infrastructure projects have become increasingly important in the fight against unemployment. New technology in construction equipment is commonly not used in favor of using manpower over machine power. Social programs have proven to be expensive. Increased wages and the development of social programs all result in more expenses for businesses and government.China has sustained growth for the last 30 years by providing the world with cheap manufacturing labor. Cheap labor is beginning to leave China. Manufacturing chases cheap labor. China is in danger of loosing the primary reason why the country was able to rise out of poverty. Creating a new competitive edge is essential for China to continue growth and remain an economic power. The economy must evolv e. The population has gradually increased their level of education. China must encourage higher education by building universities and attracting the world’s top educators.Without an educated population and a thriving middle class China will loose everything they have worked so hard to gain. Aggressive infrastructure developments continue but not in a sustainable way. China lacks quality engineers and regulations for construction projects. Low quality designs, engineering, and project management has made the Chinese infrastructure increasingly faulty. Buildings, roads, and bridges have half the life span as those within the US. A lack of codes and regulations on materials and design has lead to increased failures.Development of schools that promote architecture, engineering, and project management must be promoted throughout the country. China is cash rich and knowledge poor. Professionals in the applied sciences must be developed and be comparably to those of the developed n ations. The Chinese economy must adapt in order to sustain growth. The years of hyper growth appear to have ended and are know privy to slower yet continued growth in the range of 7%-10%. As the economy advances from an emerging economy into a fully developed economy the Chinese people must develop regulations and laws that support the new economy.The Chinese have lacked a proper foundation in accounting standards and laws governing business practices. Accounting fraud or misuse of information is not uncommon. Without accepting International accounting standards (IAS) or generally excepted accounting standards (GAAP) China will not realize it’s full potential and the international community will question earnings results. The laws that protect investors and businesses must be modern laws. Bankruptcy laws in particular are almost nonexistent. China has a bright future but like so many economies before them must except change and not rely solely on what has worked in the past.

Never Let Me Go Essay

Over the past century, biological engineering has made a huge step forward. They made possible to duplicate human DNA in order to produce a genetic replicate. The novel â€Å"Never Let Me Go† by Kazuo Ishiguro in the fiction story of three friends, as the products of genetic cloning, illustrates the negative view of the human nature. This novel, through the eyes of Kathy H. , shows what it means to be a clone and what problems they experienced growing up. Clones are real humans and should be treated as naturally born humans. The clones were not naturally produced, but they created inside of a government lab. These story shows that they were not considered as a humane, and were treated not as rest of the real people. They were created to increase the health of the greater population. If clones are the real people then it is wrong to donate their vital organs against their will. These clone students who lived in school called Hailsham were cut off from the world. They were told only what they needed to know. Once, their teachers, Miss Lucy, explained to her students that one day they all will donate their organs and then die before they even became middle aged. As naturally born humans, clones should have free will. Further, when they were fifteen years old teenagers they had dreams about future. Some of them wanted to go to America, another wanted to be actors and to be a film stars or to work in supermarkets (81). But Miss Lucy told them â€Å"Your lives are set out for you. You’ll become adults, then before you’re old, before you’re even middle-aged, you’ll start to donate your vital organs. That’s what each of you was created to do. You’re not like the actors you watch on your videos, you’re not even like me. You were brought into this world for a purpose, and your futures, all of them, have been decided (81). † Real humans are brought into this world for a purpose and they have free will, not like these clones and it is not right. As a real human, clones should have a chance to choose as we all do. Later, when they were thirteen years old they were told that they will not going to be able to have babies. â€Å"Then there was the whole business about our not being able to have babies (83). † Conclution : The whole idea of cloning humans is wrong

BA Applied Psychology

All of us have different journeys in life. We have different hopes and dreams that we cling on to motivate us strive hard to mark the goal. As a woman, I am fond of children and different kinds of personalities. I am just amazed how God create these people with different persona. They inspire me a lot. The children’s different personalities, simplicity and innocence are truly admirable. I look at them as special gifts from God that needs to be taken care of since they are also the hopes of our tomorrow.We should train them to where they should go and when they are old, they will not depart from it. Training these children with good values and morals in an early age really help them to be better citizens of our country. Moreover, the time has come to me when it is my turn to have mine. Life would not be as happy as today when I am able to have my own child. It is a great fulfillment in my part as a woman and as a person who loves children very dearly. God gives me a son on June 1, 2006 and he is 14 months old now.His ways really brought joy to me and I can say that as small as he is, his personality is totally one of a kind. Seeing him growing everyday makes my heart grow fonder. I just love being a mother and showing care to this tiny gift totally brought joy to my life. I have many plans for him and one of these plans is to use my education in psychology to raise him well as an individual. Beforehand, I am teaching piano lessons to different age groups. I am privilege to teach many children as well as adults and I love seeing all of their different personalities.Some of them are inclined to music and some are not. Some are fast learners; some are not. In every individual I meet, while teaching piano lessons, it just proves that people have different personalities and it interest me to know more about it. This interest in knowing different personalities more motivates me to study BA in Applied Psychology. In addition to this, I strongly believe that BA i n Applied Psychology will help me more efficient and equip in my field since I am currently working on a Bachelor’s in Social Work degree.

The Character of Genji in THE TALE OF GENJI Essay

The Character of Genji in THE TALE OF GENJI - Essay Example For political reason, Hikaru is shown demoted to a status of a commoner. He attains the title with the surname Minamoto and starts his career as an Imperial Officer. Analysis of the character of Genji would not be similar to that of the other protagonists of the general novel - classical or modern. The novel is presented in a psychological paradigm therefore; the character presentation or the trajectory of the character development of the novel must be represented or drawn in psychological realm. A close introspection to the character of Genji will launch its readers to a realm pretty much different from the apparent representation of the character, just mundane to the Japanese chronicle. The trajectory of the character development for Genji appears to its readers with a broad spectrum. The positive and the negative aspect and both with the extreme appeal are well synchronised and presented elaborately within a single character representation. The fall and rise of the character in literature is evident and the character of Genji in this regard is not an exception either. But the rise or the development of the character of Genji is well coordinated and framed psychologically. The maturity noticed in the character of Genji and his maturity is shown with due time crafted out logic and it does not appear all of a sudden in front of its readers. The events and the course of incidents with due time makes Genji more matured and helps the reader along with the protagonist himself to have a wider and a broader perspective of world with a more edged and matured world view. During the initial years of Genji, he was noticed as an impulsive and emotional masculine with strength, courage and valour. But with due time, Genji was shown to be grown up as a matured male who keeps the capacity to balance his personal life with that of the professional. With tremendous display of the strength of character, he shows the

Pick Your Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pick Your Brand - Essay Example In order to bring a product out in the market, one must understand its importance to the consumers. For instance, the Coca-Cola Bottlers Company knows that there is a need for drinks that will not just quench consumers’ thirst but will also provide enjoyment. Nowadays, there are a variety of drinks they have in the market aside from sodas. However, due to competition, the company does not stop there. It has a lot of new drinks to discover and produce as well as develop. To ensure success, the company needs researchers to work on the needed information, survey consumers about what they want in a product or study what else could be done to improve a product that is currently in the market. Psychologists are also needed to study the feasibility of a hit in the market as they look deeper into what makes consumers tick. Once this basic information is determined, chemists and other employees are consulted for the production. The psychologists include to their work studying the advertisement. They study what attracts people’s attention, what would make them want to try the product and include these elements in a well-presented advertisement. Developing a product may be difficult but once done, it is

Creation and implementation of an effective recruiting and retention Research Paper

Creation and implementation of an effective recruiting and retention program - Research Paper Example Regards †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Table of contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Problem statement 3 3. Review of current practices 3 4. Strategic plan for recruitment and retention 4 5. Implementation strategy 5 6. Final recommendations and possible outcomes 5 7. Conclusions 6 References Appendices 1. Introduction: Current businesses are challenged with high employee turnover irrespective of various human resource development and employee-friendly practices. Therefore, it is imperative for organizations to explore various other opportunities to reduce employee turnover while abiding by obligatory requirements, which can save costs and improve profits. This paper presents some potential solutions to high employee turnover issues in addition to some recommendations for implementing these solutions before concluding with key points. 2. Problem Statement: Recruiting and retaining the older and disabled work groups are challenging, but provide many advantages too. Organizations in the IT sec tor, like Cognizant Technology Solutions (CTS), invest huge amount of money in developing their employees to perform as per expected standards, which eventually lead to losses when employees leave for outside opportunities. Immense competition and advanced communication technologies that have given rise to numerous opportunities have constantly haunted organizations in the IT sectors resulting in large voluntary employee turnover. Most of the times, practices in recruiting and retaining employees do not seem to be aligned to organizational strategies and long-term objectives; one such example is practices to implement diversity. Most of the companies do not put optimum efforts to hire diverse workforce, which can actually provide competitive advantage. 3. Review of current practices: Strategic human resources management focuses on integrating human resource planning, recruitment, selection and retention in a manner that not only assists in achieving organizational or departmental ob jectives but also sustain the organizational position and performance through effective HR practices and procedures (Armstrong, 2008). Currently, most of the recruitment occurs electronically as this medium provides larger database to recruit the best candidate; however, this medium provides little or no personal/human contact that would be required for appropriate assessment of the candidate. Moreover, usage of internet is not similar among all groups of job seekers. For instance, Scott, Snell and Bohlander point out at the 2010 study by Kessler Foundation, which indicated only 54% of disabled using internet for job search compared to 85% of non-disabled candidates. Such disproportion could affect company’s efforts towards exercising diversity, which is a legal and moral obligation. Spiezia (2002) highlights that employing older workers can be beneficial, a very important retention program employed by some organizations, but ignored by many. Studies indicate that older worke rs are more loyal, committed, honest compared to younger counterparts (Spiezia, 2002); however, some studies also indicate that the reason for many organizations overlooking older workforce is lower productivity, slower learning and potential health risk (Ashworth, 2008). Nevertheless, employing older and disabled workforce is a legal and moral obligation of organizations. Moreover, worker shortages can be overcome by employing the older and disabled